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| SL2015 Full Band Satellite Tuner Advance Information Supersedes April 1997 version, DS4548 - 2.1 DS4593 - 3.2 February 1998 The SL2015 is a fully integrated mixer oscillator with output AGC, intended primarily for application in satellite tuners, where it downconverts the first high IF from the outdoor unit to the second IF for data demodulation. The device contains a low noise RF input amplifier and mixer functioning to 2.15GHz, an integrated low phase noise local oscillator and an AGC IF output buffer amplifier. The IF signal is available at one of two outputs selected by the IF-OPSEL input. The signal handling of the SL2015 is sufficient to greatly simplify or remove the requirement for input AGC with appropriate image filtering in full band systems, or to remove the requirement for band limit filtering with appropriate AGC in half band systems. VEE VEE-RF RF INPUTB RF INPUT VCC-RF VCC-LO TANK TANKB VEE-LO IF-OP-SEL PIN 1 REF. SPOT AGC CONTROL IF OUTPUT1 IF OUTPUT1B VCC-IF LO OUTPUT LO OUTPUTB VEE-IF IF OUTPUT2 IF OUTPUT2B VEE FEATURES s Single chip full band solution, compatible with digital and analog transmissions s Low noise RF input s High input signal handling to eliminate the requirement for front end AGC s Low phase noise local oscillator s No prescaler in LO output drive, optimal architecture for low phase noise applications s Low radiation design s IF AGC amplifier with dual selectable outputs s ESD protection. (Normal ESD handling procedures should be observed) Fig.1 Pin connections - top view QP20 ORDERING INFORMATION SL2015/KG/QP1S (Tubes) SL2015/KG/QP1T (Tape and Reel) APPLICATIONS s Satellite tuners s Communications systems SL2015 QUICK REFERENCE DATA Characteristic RF input noise figure Maximum conversion gain Minimum conversion gain IF1 and IF2 output gain match IP32T input referred at minimum conversion gain IP22T input referred at minimum conversion gain LO phase noise at 10kHz 16 33 -5 2 +3 +17 -75 Units dB dB dB dB dBm dBm dBc/Hz TANKB TANK 8 7 16 15 LO OUTPUT LO OUTPUTB RF INPUTB RF INPUT 3 4 19 18 IF OUTPUT1 IF OUTPUT1B VCC 5,6,17 13 1,2,9,11,14 IF OUTPUT2 IF OUTPUT2B VEE 12 20 AGC CONTROL 10 IF-OP-SEL Fig. 2 Block diagram 2 SL2015 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The SL2015 is a downconverter mixer oscillator with an output AGC amplifier, when used with appropriate external varactor tuned oscillator sustaining network performs the first IF tuning function for a full band satellite receiver system. A block diagram is contained in Fig. 2. In application the RF input of the device is interfaced through appropriate impedance matching to the first IF signal, which is downlinked from the outdoor unit at typically 950-2150MHz. The RF input preamplifier of the device is designed for low noise figure and for low distortion so eliminating the requirement for RF AGC. The preamplifier also provides gain to the mixer section and back isolation from the local oscillator section. The output of the preamplifier is fed to the mixer section where the RF signal is mixed with the local oscillator frequency, which is generated by an on-board oscillator. The oscillator block uses an external tunable sustaining network and is optimised for low phase noise. This section also contains a buffer drive whose outputs can be used to frequency lock the LO carrier to the required channel. Signals from the mixer are fed to the AGC IF amplifier, which gives an overall conversion gain programmable from -10 to +30dB. The output of this stage can be switched to one of two outputs to facilitate IF processing. 6.2nH TO DEVICE 0.7pF Fig. 3 RF input matching network 6mm STRIPLINE TANK 0.75p 0.75p TANKB 6mm STRIPLINE 2 x 1T379 10k Vcnt Fig. 4 VCO application circuit SL2015 phase noise Lo frequency MHz -62.00 1400 -64.00 -66.00 -68.00 -70.00 -72.00 -74.00 -76.00 -78.00 SL2015LO frequencyMHz phase noise Phase noise dBc/Hz @10kHz 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 LO frequency MHz Fig. 5 LO phase noise variation with frequency (typical) 3 SL2015 IP3 (dBm) +5 -20 -10 -5 10 20 30 40 Conversion gain (dB) -10 -15 -20 -25 Applies for a constant IF output level of -14dBm Fig. 6 IP3 variation with gain setting (minimum) IP2 (dBm) +15 +10 +5 -20 -10 -5 10 20 30 40 -10 -15 -20 Applies for a constant IF output level of -14dBm Fig. 7 IP2 variation with gain setting (minimum) 4 SL2015 Gain setting (dB) -10 X 0 +10 +20 +30 RF input level at P1dB (dBm) -10 -20 X -30 X Fig. 8 P1dB with gain setting (typical) 35 30 25 20 Conversion gain (dB) 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 Fig.9 Gain variation with AGC voltage (typical) 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 AGC voltage (V) 5 SL2015 VREF 1 Vcc 300 300 IF-OP-SEL VREF 3 RF INPUTS RF inputs IF output select input VREF 2 1K TANK 1K 50 50 OUTPUT OUTPUTB TANKB Local oscillator inputs IF outputs Vcc VREF4 LO OUTPUT LO OUTPUTB AGC 2K 12K CONTROL LO buffer drive Fig. 10 Input/output interface circuits AGC input 6 SL2015 SL2015 Evaluation Board This board has been created to show the operation of the SL2015 mixer/oscillator together with the SP5659 low phase noise synthesiser. Schematics for the board are shown in Figs. 11a and 11b. In a real system, the IF output would be fed to a SAW filter then onto either an FM demodulator such as the SL1466, or an IQ downconverter such as the SL1710 or SL1711. Control of the AGC would be via a loop, which should be set up to ensure that the SL1466, SL1710 or other IF chip receives the correct level for optimum performance. For full evaluation, 30V and 5V supplies are necessary, together with I2C data, RF signal sources and test equipment. Links and Switches The board is provided with the following: AGC SELECT switch This switches between programmable control of the SL2015 AGC, via port P1 of the SP5659, or direct control via the pin TP1, EXTERNAL AGC VOLTAGE. In normal application , the AGC will be controlled via a loop, such that the IF chip which follows is fed with the desired input level. Programming of SP5659 Synthesiser The SP5659 synthesiser is used to set the frequency of the SL2015 VCO. Since high sided mixing is normally employed in satellite tuners, the VCO should be set to the IF above the wanted input channel. Example: To mix a wanted channel at 1020.5MHz down to 479.5MHz. Supplies The board must be provided with the following supplies: a) 5V for the SL2015 and SP5659 and 30V for the varactor line. The supply connector is a 3 pin 0.1" pitch pin header. The centre pin of the connector is GND. The synthesiser must be programmed to 1020.5MHz + 479.5MHz = 1500MHz. Send I2C data C2 0B B8 93 40 to the SP5659. See Table 1 for example I2C codes. C2 is the address byte (byte 1). 0B B8 is the programmable divider information (bytes 2 and 3). (i.e. 1500MHz / 500kHz = 3000 = 0BB8Hex) 93 is the programmable and reference divider information (byte 4). This will enable the prescaler and program the reference divider to a divide by 16 mode giving a 250kHz phase comparator frequency with a 500kHz step size when a 4MHz crystal is used. 40 is charge pump and port control data (byte 5). The code 40 will set the charge pump current to 260uA. All ports will be switched off. If it is required to use the SP5659 (for VCO < 2GHz) with the prescaler disabled it is recommended that data is initially sent to enable the prescaler. This will avoid a potential 'lock out' situation arising when the LO frequency is greater than 2GHz. I2C Bus connections b) The board is provided with an RJ11 I2C bus connector which feeds directly to the SP5659 synthesiser. This connects to a standard 6-way connector cable which is supplied with the I2C/3-wire bus interface box. Input and Output connections The board is provided with the following connectors: a) RF I/P SMA connector (SMA1) which is AC coupled to the RF input of the SL2015. b) IF OUT 1 (SMA2) and IF OUT 2 (SMA5). These outputs may be selected by switching port P0 on the SP5659. The standard IF output frequencies used are typically 402.75MHz or 479.5MHz. Either IF output may be connected directly to 50 test equipment such as a spectrum analyser. Details of programming the SL2015 are included below. 7 SL2015 Required SL2015 VCO Frequency (MHz) Byte 1 Address Byte2 Prog Divider 8 MSB's 0B 0C 0D 0E 0E 0F 10 11 11 12 XX XX Byte 3 Prog Divider 8 LSB's B8 80 48 10 D8 A0 68 30 F8 C0 XX XX Byte 4 Prog Divider /Reference Divider 93 93 93 93 93 93 93 93 93 93 93 93 Byte 5 Charge Pump and Port Control 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 11 10 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 Bottom of Band Top of Band C2 C2 C2 C2 C2 C2 C2 C2 C2 C2 C2 C2 Codes above are for Fcomp = 250kHz, prescaler enabled, giving Fstep = 500kHz. X = Don't care Table 1. Example I2C Hex codes for SP5659 synthesiser Switching of SL2015 IF outputs Port P0 is used to select the IF ouputs. When Port P0 is OFF, IF output 1 is selected. When Port P0 is ON, IF output 2 is selected. Switching of SL2015 AGC Port P1 is used to program the AGC gain. When Port P1 is OFF, AGC is set to 4V (minimum gain). When Port P1 is ON, the AGC is set to 1V (maximum gain). The output of the preamplifier is fed to the mixer section where the RF signal is mixed with the local oscillator frequency, which is generated by an on board oscillator. The on board oscillator uses an external tuneable sustaining network and is optimised for low phase noise. This section also contains a buffer drive whose outputs can be used to frequency lock the LO carrier to the required channel. Signals from the mixer are then fed to the AGC IF amplifier, which gives an overall conversion gain programmable from -10 to +30 dB. The output of this stage can be switched to one of two outputs to facilitate IF processing. The SL2015 will mix an RF input signal from 950MHz 2150MHz with its own local oscillator, and produce an IF signal typically at 402.75MHz or 479.5MHz. The device has a number of features, which may be either programmable via a synthesiser and operated as part of a dynamic AGC loop, or hardwired into a fixed mode. There are a variety of parameters which can be measured using this evaluation board. Use with external oscillator. For applications that require extremely good phase noise, typically >-75dBc @ 10kHz across the band, it is recommended that the SL2017 together with an external local oscillator is used. The SL2017 is functionally equivalent to the SL2015, however the tank inputs have been modified to act as a buffer to an external VCO. Further details of this application are shown in the SL2017 Datasheet. SL2015 Operation The SL2015 is a downconverter mixer oscillator with an AGC amplifier, which when used with appropriate external varactor tuned oscillator sustaining network performs the first IF tuning function for a full band satellite receiver system. In application the RF input of the device is interfaced through appropriate impedance matching to the first IF signal, which is down linked from the outdoor unit at typically 9502150MHz. The RF input preamplifier of the device is designed for low noise figure and for low distortion so eliminating the requirement for RF AGC. The preamplifier also provides gain to the mixer section and back isolation from the local oscillator section. 8 SL2015 Measurement of Phase Noise. This is best measured by looking at the IF output of the SL2015. The IF should be fed to a spectrum analyser, where it can be interpreted. There are two common methods of doing this: a) using phase noise analysis software (such a HP85671A phase noise program) b) direct measurement of the noise floor at the chosen offset frequency, and conversion to a dBc/Hz figure. Since method a) will depend on the software used, a description of method b) will be given only. To measure phase noise at 10kHz offset: a) tune the centre frequency of the spectrum analyer to the IF - e.g. 479.5MHz b) Set the span initially wide (10MHz or greater). Gradually reduce this until it is set to 50kHz or less, taking care to ensure that the centre frequency of the display matches the IF peak. c) perform a peak search d) set marker delta to 10kHz e) set video averaging ON to ensure that a representative measurement of the noise floor at the chosen offset frequency is made. f) record the level of noise at the 10kHz offset compared to the peak IF level (in dBc). Care must be taken to ensure that the LO is stable, since any instability will reduce the averaged peak LO value, thus giving a falsely low phase noise reading. g) convert the measured reading to a 1Hz bandwidth. e.g. A measured phase noise of -50dBc/1kHz bandwidth (RBW of 1kHz) corresponds to -80dBc/Hz. Since noise floor must be reduced by the ratio of the two bandwidths i.e. 10 log 1kHz/1Hz = 30dB. Measurement of Conversion Gain (from a 50 source) a) Connect an RF signal generator to the RF input to the SL2015. b) Connect an IF output to a spectrum analyser. c) Feed the SL2015 with the appropriate signal level, depending on AGC setting, required output, etc. d) Note the relative difference in the input and IF level in dB. This is the conversion gain of the device. For increased accuracy, the input signal level should also be checked with a spectrum analyser, since any level measurement errors that exist within the analyser will then be relative, rather than literal. The AGC voltage may be varied and conversion gain measured at different AGC voltages. 9 SL2015 e) The difference in level in dB between the fundamentals and the 3rd order products is the IM3 of the device. f) IP3 may be calculated from the above reading as follows: IP3 = RF input level + IM3/2. This level is usually referred to the input. e.g. b) Adjust the AGC so that the device gives an overall conversion gain of +5dB. Assuming a measured IM3 of 44dB, and with an input level of -19dBm, IP3 = 44/2 + -19dBm = +3dBm In a 50 system, this may be converted to dBuV by adding 107 to the value calculated since 0dBm = 107dBV. Measurement of IM3 and IP3 a) Input two signal tones from RF generators. The level of these should be adjusted so that the device sees an input signal level of -19dBm from each tone. Program the local oscillator so that both tones are mixed down to the IF (approx). c) Connect a spectrum analyser to the selected IF output of the device. d) Measure the relative levels of the down converter signals and the 3rd order products (see diag overleaf). Two input signals are used: f1 = 950MHz f2 = 951MHz The local oscillator flo is tuned to 1430MHz. This gives the following at the IF output: fa = 1430MHz - 950MHz = 480MHz fb = 1430MHz - 951MHz = 479MHz i.e. +3dBm = 110dBuV. This is known as the input referred IP3 of the device. If you experience any difficulties with this board, or require further help, please contact Robert Marsh on 01793 518234 or Fred Herman on 01793 518423. The fax number is 01793 518411. Mixing products are also produced in the front end. These are then downconverted by the mixer. The in-band ones are listed below: fd = flo - (2 x f1 - f2) fc = flo - (2 x f2 - f1) fd = 1430MHz - (2 x 950MHz - 951MHz) = 481MHz fc = 1430MHz - (2 x 951MHz - 950MHz) = 478MHz fundamentals 3rd order product fc fa fb 3rd order product fd 10 5V +5V J1 GND +30V 1 2 3 C33 100nF C34 100nF C36 100pF C41 4u7F POWER CONNECTOR R7 13K R8 22K C32 C31 15nF 68pF IC2 SP5659 1 X1 4MHz 2 Xtal 15 R9 16K R10 47K Varactor line Drive Output 16 T1 BCW31 C39 2n2F Charge Pump Phase Comp VEE C30 18pF 3 Ref/Comp 14 RF Input Programmable Divider 13 RF RF B I2C BUS 100pF 4 Address C37 RF Input 5 SDA 12 SCL5 GND 5V0 SDA5 6 5 4 3 VCC I2C Bus Interface R15 C38 6 SCL J3 100pF 5V ADC 11 1K R16 10K 7 P3 P0 10 IF OP SEL P1 9 R13 220R 8 P2 AGC R14 4K SL2015 Fig. 11a Evaluation board schematic PLL section 11 12 IC1 SL2015 S1 AGC SEL TPI 1 Vee IF OUT1 19 R3 50R C2 1nF C6 100pF 5V C3 1nF RF B 15 LO OP2 14 Vee IF OSC IF OUT2 13 C7 1nF R4 50R RF C11 1nF SMA2 IF OUT 1 C1 1nF C13 1nF AGC 20 EXTERNAL AGC VOLTAGE AGC SL2015 2 Vee RF 18 IF OUT1B 4 RF IP Vcc IF LO OP 16 Vcc RF 6 Vcc LO 17 3 RF IP B RF INPUT SMA1 C9 1nF C10 1nF 5V 5 C4 100pF D1 D1 IT379 IT379BB835 R2 1M 7 TANK C5 100pF VARACTOR LINE 12 Vee LO IF OUT2B 11 Vee C8 1nF L1 0p75F STRIP 6MM C12 0p75F L2 8 TANKB 9 D2 IT379BB835 IT379 STRIP 6MM SMA5 IF OUT 2B R1 1M 10 IF OP SEL C14 1nF NOTE: DIFFERENTIAL SIGNALS ARE SHOWN AS THICK LINES IF OP SEL Fig. 11b Evaluation board schematic SL2015 Section SL2015 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS These characteristics are guaranteed by either production test or design. They apply within the specified ambient temperature and supply voltage unless otherwise stated. TAMB = -20C to + 80C, VCC= + 4.75V to 5*25V. IF = 403.25MHz or 479.5MHz; IF bandwidth up to 54MHz maximum. RF input frequency = 950MHz - 2150MHz. Characteristic Pin Min Value Typ Max Units Conditions Supply Current, ICC RF input Noise figure at maximum gain Variation of Noise Figure with AGC setting Conversion gain minimum AGC gain maximum AGC gain Gain inband ripple Gain variation across RF input range Gain imbalance between IF outputs RF input impedance, single ended RF input return loss RF input IP2 RF input IP3 RF input IP3 variation with gain Input referred 1dB gain compression Two tone IM2 distortions with Two tone IM3 distortions LO tuning range LO phase noise 5,6,17 3,4 80 16 115 mA dB @ Tamb = 27C 1 dB/dB AGC bandwidth 100kHz -15 25 -0.25 -2 12,13 18,19 3,4 3,4 3,4 3,4 8 12 -1 50 12 14 1 -2 33 -5 dB dB AGC = 4.0V AGC = 1.0V AGC = self bias (2.4V) Channel bandwidth 27MHz +0.25 +2 +2 dB dB dB dB dBm dBm @ Tamb = 27C Input unmatched @ Tamb = 27C See note 2 See note 2 See Fig. 6 See Fig. 8 -31 -36 7,8 7,8 1250 -33 -40 2700 -75 dBc dBc MHz dBc/Hz See note 2 See note 2 Maximum range of 1.4GHz within band, application circuit as in Fig. 4. SSB at 10kHz offset, application circuit as in Fig. 4. LO=2.63GHz 13 SL2015 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS These characteristics are guaranteed by either production test or design. They apply within the specified ambient temperature and supply voltage unless otherwise stated. TAMB = -20C to + 80C, VCC= + 4.75V to 5*25V. IF = 403.25MHz or 479.5MHz; IF bandwidth up to 54MHz maximum. RF input frequency = 950MHz -2150MHz. Value Min LO leakage to RF input LO leakage to IF outputs LO output drive 3,4,7,8 7,8,12 15,16 92 Typ Max -30 -10 Units dBm dBm dBV Maximum conversion gain Differential into 100, NB, synthesiser should be driven differentially LO output impedance LO output return loss AGC gain control slope variation AGC control input current Output select low voltage Output select high voltage Output select low current Output select high current IF output 1 & 2 Output impedance Return loss IF output 1 to 2 isolation 12,13 18,19 12 30 15,16 15,16 20 20 10 10 10 10 12,13, 18,19 50 dB dB Single ended VCC-0.7 -50 200 -250 250 0.7 A V V A A Output in enabled and disabled state O/P 2 enabled, O/P 1 disabled O/P 1 enabled, O/P 2 disabled 8 100 dB Monotonic from VEE to VCC. See Fig. 9 Differential Characteristic Pin Conditions Notes: 1. All dBm units refer to a 50 system 2. Applies for any two carriers within band at -19dBm, and with AGC set for +5dB conversion gain. 14 SL2015 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS All voltages are referred to VEE = 0V (pins 1,2,9,11,14) Value Pin Min Supply voltages VCC RF input voltage RF input DC offset Tank inputs DC offset LO output drive DC offset IF-OP-SEL input DC offset IF outputs 1 and 2 DC offset AGC Control input DC offset Storage temperature Junction temperature QP20 thermal resistance Power consumption at VCC=5.25V ESD protection ALL 1.75 5,6,17 3,4 3,4 7,8 15, 16 10 12, 13 18, 19 20 -0.3 -55 VCC+0.3 +150 +150 100 580 V C C C/W mW kV Mil std 883 latest revision method 3015 class 1. -0.3 -0.3 -0,3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 Max 7 2.5 VCC+0.3 VCC+0.3 VCC+0.3 VCC+0.3 VCC+0.3 V V Vp-p V V V Transient Units Parameter Conditions 15 http://www.mitelsemi.com World Headquarters - Canada Tel: +1 (613) 592 2122 Fax: +1 (613) 592 6909 North America Tel: +1 (770) 486 0194 Fax: +1 (770) 631 8213 Asia/Pacific Tel: +65 333 6193 Fax: +65 333 6192 Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA) Tel: +44 (0) 1793 518528 Fax: +44 (0) 1793 518581 Information relating to products and services furnished herein by Mitel Corporation or its subsidiaries (collectively "Mitel") is believed to be reliable. However, Mitel assumes no liability for errors that may appear in this publication, or for liability otherwise arising from the application or use of any such information, product or service or for any infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights owned by third parties which may result from such application or use. Neither the supply of such information or purchase of product or service conveys any license, either express or implied, under patents or other intellectual property rights owned by Mitel or licensed from third parties by Mitel, whatsoever. Purchasers of products are also hereby notified that the use of product in certain ways or in combination with Mitel, or non-Mitel furnished goods or services may infringe patents or other intellectual property rights owned by Mitel. This publication is issued to provide information only and (unless agreed by Mitel in writing) may not be used, applied or reproduced for any purpose nor form part of any order or contract nor to be regarded as a representation relating to the products or services concerned. The products, their specifications, services and other information appearing in this publication are subject to change by Mitel without notice. No warranty or guarantee express or implied is made regarding the capability, performance or suitability of any product or service. Information concerning possible methods of use is provided as a guide only and does not constitute any guarantee that such methods of use will be satisfactory in a specific piece of equipment. It is the user's responsibility to fully determine the performance and suitability of any equipment using such information and to ensure that any publication or data used is up to date and has not been superseded. Manufacturing does not necessarily include testing of all functions or parameters. These products are not suitable for use in any medical products whose failure to perform may result in significant injury or death to the user. All products and materials are sold and services provided subject to Mitel's conditions of sale which are available on request. M Mitel (design) and ST-BUS are registered trademarks of MITEL Corporation Mitel Semiconductor is an ISO 9001 Registered Company Copyright 1999 MITEL Corporation All Rights Reserved Printed in CANADA TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION - NOT FOR RESALE |
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